Table 1 Differentially expressed metabolites in the serum and spinal cord between the sham and CCI rats
From: Alterations in the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in the context of neuropathic pain
Adduct | Metabolite | Serum | Spinal cord | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VIP | FC | P-value | VIP | FC | P-value | ||
(M + H) +  | Anthranilic acid (Vitamin L1) | 9.89 | 1.70 |  < 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Cytosine | 5.53 | 0.85 |  < 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M + Na) +  | PC (16:0/16:0) | 3.60 | 1.41 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Uracil | 1.17 | 0.61 | 0.002 | – | – | – |
(M + H–H2O) +  | 1-Palmitoylglycerol | 2.37 | 1.70 | 0.002 | 1.19 | 0.50 | 0.042 |
(M + H) +  | Creatinine | 9.13 | 0.81 | 0.003 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Trimethylamine N-oxide | 2.49 | 3.70 | 0.004 | – | – | – |
(M + Na) +  | 1-Stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine (SOPC) | 23.88 | 0.77 | 0.005 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | 1-Oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | 15.69 | 1.49 | 0.005 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Cytidine | 1.87 | 0.59 | 0.005 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Deoxycytidine | 2.23 | 0.92 | 0.006 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Daidzein | 6.36 | 3.64 | 0.007 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | l-Tyrosine | 3.20 | 1.69 | 0.008 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | N6-methyladenosine | 1.52 | 0.79 | 0.008 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Trans-2-hydroxycinnamic acid | 2.93 | 1.71 | 0.009 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Genistein | 2.07 | 3.69 | 0.010 | – | – | – |
(M + H-H2O) +  | Dopamine | 2.56 | 1.68 | 0.010 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Stearoylcarnitine | 1.23 | 0.45 | 0.010 | – | – | – |
M +  | Choline | 1.27 | 1.30 | 0.010 | – | – | – |
(M + Na) +  | Glutaraldehyde | 1.40 | 1.67 | 0.011 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | l-Arginine | 14.67 | 0.68 | 0.012 | – | – | – |
M +  | Glycerophosphocholine | 6.45 | 1.71 | 0.014 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Indole-2-carboxylic acid | 1.32 | 2.04 | 0.014 | – | – | – |
M +  | Arg-Ala | 1.01 | 0.64 | 0.015 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | 5.06 | 1.30 | 0.015 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine | 9.77 | 1.98 | 0.016 | – | – | – |
(M + Na) +  | 1-Stearoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine | 1.03 | 1.38 | 0.018 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Kynurenic acid | 1.01 | 0.53 | 0.020 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | l-Carnitine | 1.56 | 1.43 | 0.028 | – | – | – |
(M + H–H2O) +  | N6-Methyl-l-lysine | 1.50 | 0.43 | 0.033 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | 1-Myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | 2.96 | 1.44 | 0.038 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Glycitein | 1.61 | 2.29 | 0.040 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Phosphorylcholine | 2.97 | 1.37 | 0.041 | – | – | – |
M +  | Alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) | 3.81 | 1.51 | 0.041 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | l-Palmitoylcarnitine | 2.30 | 0.52 | 0.042 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-l-lysine | 1.60 | 0.76 | 0.043 | 2.61 | 0.35 | 0.022 |
(M + H) +  | 3-Methylhistidine | 2.68 | 0.82 | 0.043 | 1.39 | 0.81 | 0.008 |
(M + H) +  | d-Pipecolinic acid | 1.88 | 0.59 | 0.044 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Phenylacetylglycine | 1.24 | 0.46 | 0.044 | – | – | – |
(M + Na) +  | Thioetheramide-PC | 17.02 | 1.31 | 0.046 | – | – | – |
(M + H–H2O) +  | Tyramine | 4.32 | 0.82 | 0.047 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | 7-Oxocholesterol | 1.58 | 1.69 |  < 0.05 | – | – | – |
(M + H) +  | Betaine | 1.78 | 1.41 | 0.05 | 1.04 | 1.22 | 0.048 |
(M + H) +  | l-Histidine | 2.32 | 0.80 | 0.26 | 4.78 | 0.70 | 0.035 |
(M + H) +  | Nicotinamide | – | – | – | 20.68 | 0.84 |  < 0.05 |
(M + H) +  | S-Methyl-5′-thioadenosine | – | – | – | 4.23 | 0.64 | 0.022 |
(M + H) +  | Thr-Ala | – | – | – | 1.07 | 0.60 | 0.043 |
(M + H) +  | l-Anserine | – | – | – | 1.23 | 0.69 | 0.037 |
(M + H–H2O) +  | N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine 6-phosphate | – | – | – | 1.12 | 0.26 |  < 0.05 |
(M–H)– | d-Lyxose | 1.49 | 1.32 |  < 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Indoleacrylic acid | 6.64 | 3.18 |  < 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene | 3.54 | 4.28 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Acetylglycine | 1.01 | 0.46 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | 1-Palmitoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine | 4.63 | 1.52 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M + CH3COO)– | d-Threitol | 2.15 | 1.54 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Acetyl-dl-leucine | 1.16 | 0.43 | 0.001 | – | – | – |
(M + CH3COO)– | d-Mannose | 2.34 | 1.42 | 0.004 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Arachidonic acid (peroxide-free) | 8.34 | 0.62 | 0.005 | – | – | – |
(M + Na–2H)– | 3-Hydroxycapric acid | 2.81 | 2.76 | 0.006 | – | – | – |
(M–H2O–H)– | d-Galacturonic acid | 5.15 | 0.68 | 0.006 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | 3-Indolepropionic acid | 14.43 | 2.39 | 0.008 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Hippuric acid | 4.32 | 2.11 | 0.009 | – | – | – |
(M + Na–2H)– | 1-Oleoyl-l-alpha-lysophosphatidic acid | 1.32 | 0.76 | 0.011 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | 5-Hydroxyindoleacetate | 1.77 | 0.68 | 0.012 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Allantoin | 6.06 | 0.83 | 0.012 | 1.40 | 0.79 | 0.016 |
(M–H2O–H)– | l-Iditol | 1.15 | 0.76 | 0.013 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid | 1.75 | 0.44 | 0.013 | 0.99 | 0.52 | 0.019 |
(2M–H)– | d-Fructose | 1.88 | 1.41 | 0.014 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Indolelactic acid | 1.54 | 2.01 | 0.015 | – | – | – |
(M + CH3COO)– | d-Quinovose | 1.25 | 0.79 | 0.016 | 1.09 | 0.68 | 0.001 |
M– | M-chlorohippuric acid | 4.33 | 1.47 | 0.020 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | dl-3-phenyllactic acid | 3.04 | 2.65 | 0.025 | – | – | – |
(M + Na-2H)– | l-Ascorbic acid | 1.86 | 0.61 | 0.030 | – | – | – |
M– | Coumestrol | 7.13 | 3.22 | 0.031 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Cis-aconitate | 1.84 | 2.22 | 0.032 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Salicylic acid | 1.05 | 2.09 | 0.032 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | d(–)-beta-hydroxybutyric acid | 4.35 | 0.33 | 0.032 | 1.12 | 0.43 | 0.032 |
(M–H)– | Ketoisocaproic acid | 8.84 | 0.64 | 0.042 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | d-Proline | 1.79 | 1.18 | 0.047 | – | – | – |
(M–H)– | Citrate | 1.58 | 1.66 | 0.297 | 13.77 | 2.10 | 0.005 |
(M–H)– | dl-Lactate | – | – | – | 1.98 | 1.51 | 0.024 |
(M–H)– | 3-Phosphoserine | – | – | – | 1.83 | 2.69 | 0.034 |
(M–H)– | N-Acetylneuraminic acid | – | – | – | 4.19 | 0.89 | 0.042 |